本讲摘要In 1993, the US Congress eliminated funding for the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC). The audacious particle accelerator project, had it been built, would have been the world’s largest scientific instrument, securing US dominance in high-energy physics for years to come. Why, then, did both policymakers and the American public sour on the project in the early 1990s? Historians have proposed ...

摘要超级计算机用于高科技领域和尖端技术研究，是一个国家科技发展水平和综合国力的重要标志，对国家安全、经济和社会发展的促进作用举足轻重。中国超级计算机研制从实现“零的突破”到跃上“世界之巅”，集中反映了改革开放以来一批大型科研工程项目着眼国家战略需求、突破关键核心技术、坚持走中国特色自主创新之路的光辉历程。本讲座以讲者的亲身经历和学术研究为视角，介绍中国超级计算机研制历程，讲述中国超级计算机科研...

摘要This lecture follows the historical rise of computation from a supporting practice of calculation to a constitutive force in scientific knowledge. It begins with manual methods that gradually became mechanized, then examines how Cold War institutions and funding transformed computing into an indispensable infrastructure. New machines and community codes opened ways of working that escaped o...

摘要From the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, heightened oil prices drove international interest in renewable energy technologies. These technologies also captured the interest of Chinese leaders and researchers in this period, who hoped that they could target weaknesses in China’s energy supply. Daxing County in Southeastern Beijing was an important experimental site for exploring how renewables m...

摘要当深邃的人文思考与强大的数据智能相遇，会碰撞出怎样的火花？随着人工智能（AI）浪潮席卷全球，传统的人文学科研究正经历着一场深刻的范式变革。我们将首先回顾数字人文的内涵与发展脉络，进而重点剖析在人工智能技术，特别是大语言模型的驱动下，数字人文研究方法如何实现从“数字化”到“智能化”的飞跃。讲座将从方法论的角度，着重阐释如何从海量非结构化数据中，运用AI进行高效、精准的信息抽取——包括关键实体（人...